Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the family apocynaceae that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of calotropis procera. In africa, medicinal uses of calotropis procera are manifold and are rather similar to those of calotropis gigantea l. Calotropis gigantea, flowers, gcms analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial. Pdf medicinal plants have been used to treat various ailments of the poor population around the world. Publisher deutsche gesellschaft fur technische zusammenarbeit. The fruit of calotropis procera is oval and curved at the ends of the pods.
Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and. Ethnomedicinal, pharmaceutical and pesticidal uses of. The use of medicinal plants is an important part of nigerias culture. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally.
Medicinal plants of nigeria and their uses ital is vital. The present paper enumerates the medicinal uses of part of calotropis procera for the treatment of various human ailments by the natives of village sanwer of. Asclepiadaceae, commonly known as milkweed or swallowwort, is a common wasteland weed singh et al. Ayurvedic medicine is a traditional indian practice of healing. Traditionally alotropis is used alone or with other medicinals caius 1986 to treat common disease such as fevers, rheumatism, indigestion, cough, cold, eczema, asthma, elephantiasis, nausea, vomiting. Traditional healers over the years have used plants to treat and prevent a wide range of illnesses. The plant is erect, tall, large, much branched and perennial with milky latex throughout. Anticancer and antibacterial activity of calotropis. Roots, stem bark, latex, leaves and flowers are all used in many and varied ways in traditional medicine. Calotropis procera, apocynaceae, is a wild perennial shrub that originated in african, indian and persian deserts neto et al. Anticancer and antibacterial activity of calotropis procera. A decoction or infusion of the whole plant is taken as a tonic and purgative in small doses, and as an. Asclepiadaceae has been known to the traditional systems of medicine and plant known as madar in unani medicinal system.
Calotropis is a genus of plants that produce milky sap hence also commonly called milkweed. See more ideas about plants, plant leaves and garden. Calotropis procera has been reported from the punjab state of india saini et al. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. It typically grows to 68 rarely to as much as 15 tall. The milky sap latex is renowned for its ethnomedicinal properties. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera. Often, its another variety calotropois procera is also used in the same name. Medicinal plants are the important source of drugs, and many of. Its two closely similar species, caloropis procera and calotropis gigantea, possess very high pharmaceutical and ethnomedicinal importance. It has been cultivated in south america and on the caribbean islands for the production of fibres. Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments. It is known to provide key resources in degraded ecosystems to about 80 animal species. Calotropis is also found in most part of world with warm climate, dry, alkaline and sandy soil.
Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. The tree has a wide range of medicinal uses and is the source of various materials, especially fibre. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae is a wild shrub, which grows up to a height of m and its leaves are 10 cm wide by 1719 cm long. Two pills are taken twice daily for 3 days to cure malaria 57. The ethno medicinal uses of the former species in orissa are also incorporated. Calotropis procera, apocynaceae, is a wild perennial shrub that originated in the persian deserts. Calotropis procera root extract has the capability to combat free radical mediated damage. Madar or arka is a medicinal plant which is found as weed throughout india in wastelands, open areas and arid region. Calotropis is used as a traditional medicinal plant with unique properties. Preliminary studies on the antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of calotropis procera root extract. Introduction scientific investigations of medicinal plants have initiated in many countries because of their safer than synthetic alternatives, offering marked therapeutic benefits and more affordable treatment. Despite serious safety concerns, calotropis is used for digestive disorders including diarrhea, constipation and stomach ulcers. Since ancient times, people have used medicinal plants to treat varied diseases.
Medicinal plants are the important source of drugs, and many of them that are currently available in the pharmaceutical market are obtained from plant sources. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in india. Calotropis procera, medicinal plants, ayurvedic medicine, pharmacological studies. The results obtained support the ethnobotanical use of this. These extracts deserve further study aimed at identification of the active constituents. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. It demonstrated that calotropis is a perennial xerophytic woody shrub that has a. May 31, 2014 madar or arka is a medicinal plant which is found as weed throughout india in wastelands, open areas and arid region. In this regard calotropis procera, a traditional medicinal plant has also been investigated to identify compounds having antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant microbes 8.
Calotropis procera showed antimalarial activity against p. Population ecology and economic importance of calotropis. The milky white endogenous latex, produced by the plant in appreciable amount, exhibits a variety of. An recent approach on calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera.
Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant calotropis procera linn. Monograph in ancient ayurvedic medicine of india the plant calotropis gigantea is known as. Their distribution in india, botany, physical and chemical properties of the plant parts are provided. Traditional medicinal uses the medicinal value of calotropis procera have been describe in older pharmacopeia. Widely it is used medicinally, to treat boils, infected wounds and other skin problems in people.
Some people use calotropis for syphilis, boils, inflammation. The calotropis procera latex had an acidic nature with ph of 4. By contrast, calotropis gigantea crownflower is a similar but tallergrowing species that typically rises to 15 tall. Potential effect of the medicinal plants calotropis procera, ficus elastica and zingiber officinale against schistosoma mansoni in mice.
It has bunch of waxy flowers that are white or lavender in color. Antimicrobial activities of calotropis procera on selected. The plant is harvested from the wild for a wide range of uses, but is especially valued as a medicinal plant and source of fibre. Issued as a pdf on the internet, it contains basic.
Calotropis belongs to asclepiadaceae or milkweed or ak family which includes 280 genera and 2,000 species of worldwide distribution but most abundant in the subtropics and tropics, and rare in cold countries. The latex of calotropis gigantea contains cardio glycosides, volatile fatty acids and calcium oxalate. May 10, 2019 aak, madar calotropis gigantea uses, benefits, dosage and properties. The plant has oval, light green leaves and milky stem. Calotropis a medicinal plant of family asclepiadaceae has been utilized in ayurveda, unani, siddha and many other traditional systems to cure diseases. It strongly recommended in leprosy, hepatic and splenic enlargements, dropsy and worms. Traditionally calotropis is used alone or with other medicinals caius 1986 to treat common. Antihelicobacter pylori and urease inhibition activities of some traditional medicinal plants. The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is. The latex is applied to painful joints and swelling, fresh leaves are also use for the same purpose. Oudhia 1999a,b,c,d with unique properties oudhia and tripathi 1998, 1999a.
Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and used in folk medicine. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and gcms analysis. The plant, calotropis procera of family asclepiadaceae, commonly known as ak is used in many ayurvedic formulations like arkelavana. T a member of the family asclepiadaceae commonly known as giant milk weed. Study on antibacterial activity of calotropis procera. Pdf therapeutic and biological activities of calotropis procera ait. Calotropis procera, commonly called small crownflower or giant milkweed, is an upright, spreading, milkysapped, evergreen shrub or small tree of the milkweed family.
It is commonly known as apple of sodom, a name derived from the hebrew tapuah sdom. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole plant. Hepatoprotective effects of calotropis procera root extract on experimental liver damage in animals. Various compounds derived from medicinal plants have documented anticancer properties with almost negligible side effects 911. Calotropis is used as a traditional medicinal plant rastogi and mehrotra 1991. It decreases blood glucose and increase hepatic glycogen content and prevents body weight loss.
The present paper enumerates the medicinal uses of part of calotropis procera for. The use of the plants, plant extracts, and pure compounds isolated from natural sources has always provided a foundation for modern pharmaceutical compounds. Ocular toxicity by latex of calotropis procera sodom apple. The ethnomedicinal uses of the former species in orissa are also incorporated. The information provided here is from the research paper traditional medicine and the future of medicinal plants in nigeria by emmanuel c. Serious leaf spot disease problem of calotropis procera.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the cardinal temperatures. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole. The green fruits contain a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating which is resistant to soap. It is commonly available in two varieties that is calotropis procera purpleflowered and calotropis gigantea whiteflowered. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. The fruit is also thick and, when opened, it is the source of thick fibers that have been made into rope and used in a multitude of ways. Arka calotropis gigantea is a perennial shrub growing 2. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in.
It is widely cultivated as an ornamental in the tropics, and is also sometimes grown for the fibre obtained from its stems, and for its medicinal uses. Germany year 1990 isbn 3823611984 description a wellresearched book, usually with more than one photograph of each species and good information on the plant and its uses. The use of the plants, plant extracts, and pure compounds isolated from natural sources has always. Calotropis procera journal of applied pharmaceutical science. Calotropis procera possesses potent antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects against alloxaninduced diabetes in rats. The calotropis gigantia latex had a completely b asic. The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of calotropis procera is processed and used in the commercial preparation of eye tonics. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured. Leaves are simple, opposite, sub sessile, ovate and cordate at base. In ayurveda, indian practitioners have used the root and leaf of c. This plant is popularly known because it produces large quantity. It is a very common herb seen widely throughout india. In these areas, the average annual rainfall is between 30 and 200 mm, or even less.